Acid Rain :: essays research papers fc

Acid Rain and its Effects On Our aquatic EcosystemsIn the past century, one of the greatest threats to North Americas aquatic ecosystem has been the widespread sulfurousification of hundreds of thousands of waterways. Acid rainwater has effected plant and animal life at heart aquatic ecosystems, as well as microbiologic activity by impact the rates of decomposition and the accumulation of organic matter. What causes this poisonous rain, and what can be done to improve North Americas water quality and prevent future(a) catastrophes? To answer these questions, we must first examine the cause and formation of paneling rain, as well as understand ways to decrease or prevent its formation. Formation of acid rain.Acid dethronement, more commonly know as acid rain, occurs when emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) react in the melody with water, oxygen, and oxidants to form acidic compounds. This mixture forms a mild event of sulphuric and nitric acid which then falls to the earth in every wet (rain, snow, sleet or fog) or dry (gas and particles) form. Approximately one-half of the atmospheres sulkiness falls back to earth through dry deposition in the form of particles and gases, and are then spread hundreds of miles by winds where they patch up on surfaces of buildings, cars, homes, and trees. When acid rain falls, the dry deposited gases and particles are sometimes water-washed from buildings, trees and other surfaces making the runoff water combine with the acid rain more acidic than the falling acid rain alone. This new conspiracy is referred to as acid deposition. The runoff water is then transported by wholesome prevailing winds and public sewer systems into lakes and streams. Although some natural sources such as volcanic eruptions, fire and lightening contribute to the emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, more than 90% is the result of human activities such as ember burning, smelting of metal s such as zinc, nickel and copper, and the burning of oil, coal and gas in power plants and automobiles.When does rain become acidic?Scientists determine whether rain or lake water is acidic by measuring its pH (the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a plateful of 0 to 14). A value of 7 is considered neutral, whereas values less than 7 are acidic and values over 7 are alkaline or basic. A change of one unit on the pH scale represents a factor of ten in acidity for example, a solution with a pH of five is ten times as acid as one with a pH of six .